Archive of Articles
Mysteries of GodFor those who love to read, the element of mystery often adds an extra layer to the enjoyment—we can’t wait to turn the page to discover the identity of the villain, where the treasure is...
The Mystery of GodlinessAnd without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifested in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen by angels, preached among the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up...
Flood Evidence from Sea Levels and StrontiumVernon R. Cupps, Ph.D., and Tim Clarey, Ph.D. The October 2019 issue of Acts & Facts ran an article on the variation of the 87Sr/86Sr ratio in marine rocks.1...
Cosmic Rays, Sunspots, and Climate Change, Part 1Sunspots are relatively cool blotches on the sun’s surface (Figure 1). The number of sunspots is an indicator of how active the sun is. It has the most sunspots when it’s most active—at...
Metabolic Pathways to GodWe read in Genesis 1 how God created the universe and everything in it—from people, animals, and plants to planets and stars. Life is incredibly complex, having been created that way “in...
Iron Face Mask Found in Coal?I was recently contacted by an older lady1 who grew up in the coal mining area of Appalachia. Her ancestors had lived in the area for generations, and she related how her miner father, now...
Discovery Center Live Presentations and Special EventsHave you been wanting to ask an expert your deepest questions about faith and science? Would you like to hear your favorite ICR scientist speak in person? You have the opportunity to do both at the...
Darwinian Medicine Is Poison to Health CareIn basic terms, practicing medicine is the science of preserving health and life. Darwinism, on the other hand, is a death-driven worldview holding that life advances through survival of the fittest....
How Did Coal Seams Form?When I drive from Dallas to Colorado, I sometimes see southbound trains loaded with coal from vast reserves buried in Wyoming rock layers. This coal helps power the homes and industries of the almost...
Interrupting Business as UsualSometimes “business as usual” is interrupted by an explosive surprise. For many years, Novaya Zemlya, a group of Russian islands in the Arctic Ocean, provided a calm breeding habitat...
Death, Taxes, and a Valid WillThe distinguished Benjamin Franklin once wrote that “in this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes.”1 I’ve often grumbled about the truth in this...Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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[body_edit] =>What is the mystery of godliness? How do cosmic rays and sunspots impact Earth’s climate? Where can you ask an expert your deepest questions about faith and science? How does ICR’s approach to biology foster a culture of life? Discover the answers to these questions and more in the March 2020 issue of Acts & Facts! [MACRO aaf_article, 11799] [MACRO aaf_article, 11800] [MACRO aaf_article, 11801] [MACRO aaf_article, 11802] [MACRO aaf_article, 11803] [MACRO aaf_article, 11804] [MACRO aaf_article, 11805] [MACRO aaf_article, 11806] [MACRO aaf_article, 11807] [MACRO aaf_article, 11808] [MACRO aaf_article, 11809]
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Be a Good HumanBe a good human. It’s a phrase I often see emblazoned on bumper stickers and T-shirts, children’s nursery walls, and social media posts. Be a good human. What does that even mean? To...
Reason and the Christian HopeMaybe you’ve been skeptical about the claims of Christianity. You’ve thought the glorious hope of the Christian is just built on wishful thinking. But for the time being shelve whatever...
The Gospels Affirm the Dominion Mandate for ResearchJeffrey P. Tomkins, Ph.D., and James J. S. Johnson, J.D., Th.D. At the end of His creation work, God gave humans a directive that’s sometimes referred to as the dominion mandate: “Be...
Nuclear Fission Dating Methods Are UnreliableHave you ever pulled apart a large mass of taffy and watched it break into two approximately equal masses? This is an illustration of what happens in the subatomic world when a 238U or 235U...
Toe Yoga and Genesis 3I’ve suffered from heel pain for over a decade. I just want to be able to run, but sometimes I can barely even walk. I learned that I need to build up the intrinsic muscles and other tissues of...
Symbiotic Lichens Showcase Our Creator's IngenuityLichens resemble plants or fungi, with elaborate branches like ocean coral, tiny cup-like structures, or leaf-like fronds. They can be found growing in forests, deserts, arctic tundra, or even in your...
Now Showing: Life Through the Ice AgeSince the grand opening of the ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History last September, many visitors have enjoyed the Ice Age Theater. Libby, a local Dallas-Ft. Worth resident, said, “I....jpg)
Gaia and Selectionism's Nature WorshipOrganisms have many systems that work together for a purpose. For example, your heart and associated circulatory system fulfill life-sustaining functions. Human experience tells us that intentional...
How Can I Answer Attacks on the Bible?Some contend that science proves the Bible wrong. They may ask how the Bible’s supposedly good God could allow so much pain and evil in the world. And who hasn’t heard that science has proved...
Water Drops and Human ValueWhen skeptics criticize biblical teachings, they often attack God’s character.1 One tactic is to malign the Creator by devaluing the people He created. When someone denies the precious...
CGAs for SeniorsThe American Council on Gift Annuities recently authorized a small rate decrease for charitable gift annuities offered by nonprofits. The change was necessary for two reasons: 1) interest rates remain...Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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[body_edit] =>What can we know about the origin of the universe? How do the Gospels affirm the dominion mandate for research? What can we learn about the Ice Age from the newest Discovery Center film? And how can we answer attacks on the Bible? Discover the answers to these questions and more in the February 2020 issue of Acts & Facts! [MACRO aaf_article, 11741] [MACRO aaf_article, 11742] [MACRO aaf_article, 11743] [MACRO aaf_article, 11744] [MACRO aaf_article, 11745] [MACRO aaf_article, 11746] [MACRO aaf_article, 11747] [MACRO aaf_article, 11748] [MACRO aaf_article, 11749] [MACRO aaf_article, 11750] [MACRO aaf_article, 11751]
Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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50 Years of MinistryThis year the Institute for Creation Research celebrates 50 years of ministry. ICR founder Dr. Henry M. Morris’ groundbreaking book The Genesis Flood sparked the modern creationism movement and...
50 Years of Creation Research and Scholarship“The creation/evolution debate is, in a very real sense, the most fundamental issue of all.” — ICR founder Dr. Henry M. Morris When the children of Israel first crossed the Jordan...
ICR Research at GSA ConventionRecently, the ICR Column Project team presented their research at the Geological Society of America’s (GSA) annual meeting in Phoenix, Arizona. Over 5,500 people representing 44 countries attended...
Homo naledi: Another Failed Evolutionary Ape-ManOne of the most confusing and enigmatic “ape-man” discoveries of the 21st century has been Homo naledi. Its discoverer was Lee Berger, a controversial American paleoanthropologist working...
The Plan to Replace GodAfter reviewing the writings of some 18th- and 19th-century thinkers, I’m convinced that the popularity of ideas like “millions of years” and “organic evolution” prevalent...
Welcoming GroupsSince opening in September 2019, the ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History has welcomed groups both small and large. One recent group was Josh McDowell and his ministry team. Located...
Survival of the Fittest and Evolution's Death CultureTo effectively tackle a problem, one must know what caused it. A doctor must correctly diagnose a disease to help the sick person get better. If a building collapses, engineers will use “root...
Do Earth's Rocks Look Old?Some might argue that Earth’s rocks are obviously ancient even apart from radioisotope dating results. In response to creationist claims, they might ask, “If the earth was created just 6,000...
Jonah's Whale Adventure and Everyday MiraclesA skeptic once opined about the so-called problem of miracles, saying that “enlightened” thinkers doubt the Bible’s supernatural events such as “the whale miracle.” But...
50 Years of BlessingThis year marks the Institute for Creation Research’s 50th anniversary. Since 1970, God has blessed ICR tremendously and allowed us to reach untold multitudes across the globe. Perhaps the strongest...Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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[body_edit] =>This year the Institute for Creation Research celebrates 50 years of ministry! In this anniversary issue, we reflect on God’s faithfulness and provision over the last five decades. ICR’s official 50th anniversary celebration will be scheduled later. Discover more in the January 2020 issue of Acts & Facts! [MACRO aaf_article, 11693] [MACRO aaf_article, 11694] [MACRO aaf_article, 11695] [MACRO aaf_article, 11696] [MACRO aaf_article, 11697] [MACRO aaf_article, 11698] [MACRO aaf_article, 11699] [MACRO aaf_article, 11700] [MACRO aaf_article, 11701] [MACRO aaf_article, 11702]
Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
You can subscribe to receive a free subscription to Acts & Facts by clicking here.
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The Goodness of GodAs I read through this issue of Acts & Facts, I’m reminded of the goodness of our Creator. The One who originally proclaimed His creation “good” and even “very good”...
Maintaining the MissionDavid also girded on his sword. And about four hundred men went with David, and two hundred stayed with the supplies. (1 Samuel 25:13) David spent a long time as an outlaw running from King Saul...
Whale Fossils Confirm Post-Flood BoundaryJeffrey P. Tomkins, Ph.D., and Tim Clarey, Ph.D. In 2018, as a complement to ICR’s ongoing megasequence research, ICR scientists Drs. Jeffrey Tomkins and Tim Clarey described the beginning...
European Stratigraphy Supports a Global FloodICR’s Column Project team recently finished work on the European continent, including Turkey and the area surrounding the Caspian Sea. We have now compiled stratigraphic data across four entire...
Homology: Descent or Design?An evolutionist friend and I recently chatted about animals. He said it’s amazing how many different animals’ skeletons look so similar. Just stretch, shrink, and shape the bones of one...
Dinosaurs Had Reptilian Metabolic AdaptationJeffrey P. Tomkins, Ph.D., and Tim Clarey, Ph.D. Scientists have long wondered how cold-blooded reptiles (ectotherms) like dinosaurs could have been so active and vigorous. Anatomical analyses of...
Genesis and the OceansThe origin of the oceans has long been a puzzle to secular scientists.1 Recently, however, progress has been made. Evolutionists are suggesting a novel idea regarding the source of Earth’s...
ICR Discovery Center Volunteers!Discovery Center staff and volunteers: Audrey, Ernie Carrasco, Lauren Pennington, and Laurel, left to right. The ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History has welcomed...
How Beautiful Is the Body of ChristA special year-long Christmas gift that Christian parents can give to their children would be family time spent sharing heartwarming accounts of adventure, courage, and love drawn from Christian history...
Do Carbon Ages Refute a Biblical Timeline?Many reporters and scientists treat carbon dates like facts. Of course, the more recent dates work well enough. But news reports, textbooks, and even movies present enormous ages like “47,000...
Sanctifying Our Hearts with ApologeticsThe church’s big Bible conference was over, and it was time to evaluate its success or failure. “Looks like no one was converted,” said one leader. “So, this event was a nice...
The New Thing of PromiseMany books of the Old Testament contain prophecies of Christ’s incarnation—even the heartbreaking account of the prophet Jeremiah. Jeremiah, the last of the pre-exile prophets, saw Babylon...Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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[body_edit] =>Do carbon ages refute the biblical timeline? How does homology confirm creation instead of evolution? Why is it important to know your Christian heritage? And how can you get involved as an ICR Discovery Center volunteer? Discover the answers to these questions and more in the December 2019 issue of Acts & Facts! [MACRO aaf_article, 11637] [MACRO aaf_article, 11638] [MACRO aaf_article, 11639] [MACRO aaf_article, 11640] [MACRO aaf_article, 11641] [MACRO aaf_article, 11642] [MACRO aaf_article, 11643] [MACRO aaf_article, 11644] [MACRO aaf_article, 11645] [MACRO aaf_article, 11646] [MACRO aaf_article, 11647] [MACRO aaf_article, 11648]
Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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*Dr. Clarey is Research Associate at the Institute for Creation Research and earned a Ph.D. in geology from Western Michigan University. [body_edit] =>Evolutionary scientists continually search for evidence to support their claims of an evolutionary relationship between birds and dinosaurs. Their most recent attempt involves a new bird fossil named Fukuipteryx prima, found in Japan.1
[typeID] => 9 [visible] => t [pdf] => [publishURL] => new-bird-fossil-doesnt-fit-evolutionary-story [publishDate] => 2019-11-21 [authorAsterisk] => t [domainID] => 1 [publication] => [volume] => [issue] => [page] => [author] => Tim Clarey, Ph.D. ) -->
Publishing in Communications Biology, Takuya Imai and his team, from Fukui Prefectural University, described the new bird species they extracted in 2013 from Lower Cretaceous rocks in central Japan.1
The scientists found that the new bird species was quite similar to the so-called “first bird,” the Archaeopteryx, found in Upper Jurassic rocks in southern Germany. It had a similarly large wishbone, an unfused pelvis and claws on its wings like Archaeopteryx. But unexpectedly, the new Japanese specimen had a well-developed pygostyle instead of a long bony tail.2 A pygostyle is a fused bony plate at the end of the backbone that supports tail feathers in living birds.
This combination of so-called “primitive” bird features found on both Fukuipteryx and Archaeopteryx (e.g., claws on the wings) along with the more “modern” pygostyle on F. prima has ruffled the feathers of evolutionary scientists. It’s simply out of place for their model. But that’s not the worst of it.
Gizmodo reported the team’s shock, “One observation came as a big surprise to the researchers. Though the species is the most anatomically primitive bird from the Early Cretaceous, it was found in relatively young sediment [Lower Cretaceous rocks], and more evolutionarily advanced species [Archaeopteryx] have been found in sediment older than the Fukuipteryx fossil.”2 Reportedly, 35 million years older, according to secular age dates.
“We were so surprised that we did the whole analysis again as we thought we did something wrong,” Imai told Gizmodo in an email. But it turned out the same no matter “how many times we checked our data and methods—the result did not change.”2
To explain the fully-developed pygostyle in such a “primitive” bird, the scientists had to resort to the overused story of “multiple episodes of evolution” as a rescuing device.
“Studies of Fukuipteryx indicates that the pygostyle evolved at least twice independently during the evolution of birds, once in the lineage of Fukuipteryx and once in the lineage of modern birds,” explained the paper’s senior author Imai.2
And yet evolution is supposed to be a chance process with its success somehow caused by fortuitous random mutations. What are the odds that the same exact feature could ever evolve twice? And where are the transitional fossils showing the development of a pygostyle? All we find in the rock record are fully-formed pygostyles that abruptly appear on fully-formed birds.
Modern evolutionary science predicts finely graded transitional features from dinosaurs to birds, from lower to upper rock layers. The discovery of several “primitive” features and “modern” features in a bird from Lower Cretaceous rocks is the opposite of what they predicted. It causes evolutionary scientists to have to make unsupported assumptions and unreasonable claims of multiple episodes of evolution. These scientists use speculation to try to explain these unexpected finds.
Creation scientists dispute notions of an evolutionary link between birds and dinosaurs.3 We believe God created birds as separate kinds from the various dinosaur kinds, and on different days of Creation Week. There are no unexpected fossils showing “primitive” features found in the wrong place in the rock record. The great Flood accounts for virtually all fossils, including these extinct birds.
Science doesn’t support the evolution of a pygostyle either once or twice. The fossil record shows that birds of all types, including F. prima and Archaeopteryx, appear fully-formed and without ancestors, just like Genesis teaches. This new fossil doesn’t surprise creation scientists in the least.
References
1. Imai, T. et al. 2019. An unusual bird (Theropoda, Avialae) from the Early Cretaceous of Japan suggests complex evolutionary history of basal birds. Communications Biology. 2:399.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-019-0639-4.
2. Dvorsky, G. 2019. Stunning fossil discovery uncovers the second-most primitive flying bird. Gizmodo. Posted on gizmodo.com on November 14, 2019, accessed November 20, 2019.
3. Clarey. T. 2015. Dinosaurs: Marvels of God’s Design. Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. Available at icr.org/store.
Stage image: artistic representation of Fukuipteryx prima
Stage image credit: Image credit: Copyright © 201 M. Yoshida. Used in accordance with federal copyright (fair use doctrine) law. Usage by ICR does not imply endorsement of copyright holder.
*Dr. Clarey is Research Associate at the Institute for Creation Research and earned a Ph.D. in geology from Western Michigan University.
Stirring the PotICR recently had the opportunity to place messages on billboards in the Dallas area. We prepared the artwork and crafted the wording to inform drivers about the ICR Discovery Center for Science &...The Babblings and Contradictions of False KnowledgeO Timothy! Guard what was committed to your trust, avoiding the profane and idle babblings and contradictions of what is falsely called knowledge—by professing it some have strayed concerning...Observations Support Grand Canyon Flood OriginOld-earth geologists claim that observations contradict the Flood model origin for Grand Canyon.1 However, recently exposed sediments at Lake Mead refute their claims and instead fully support...Continuing Troubles for the Big Bang ModelCosmology is the study of the origin and structure of the universe, and the Big Bang is the dominant secular cosmological model. Some Christians say God used the Big Bang to create the universe, but...St. Davids Dragon…Fantasy or Reality?My early memories of dinosaur teachings reflected the doctrine of their extinction 65 million years ago and the evolution of mankind only several million years ago. If that really happened, then our...'I Liked That God Was There.'A recent young visitor to the ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History made this comment about her tour: “I liked that God was there.” Yes, the message is all about God. He was...Evolutionism Maligns Christian EdificationCan evolutionary theory be reconciled with the church’s basic functions of worship, evangelism, and the edification (building up) of believers? Last month we saw how evolutionism has a profoundly...What Is the Image of God?Genesis 1:26 says, “Then God said, ‘Let Us make man in Our image, according to Our likeness.’” What does it mean for humans to bear the lofty image of God? First, we look...God Crafted Creatures to CommunicateMaking sense of biological senses is a losing battle for evolutionary theories, and explaining complex creature communication is even worse. Why? Because evolutionists have no real explanation for why...
Sowing with ICRThe Bible often uses examples from agriculture to highlight the work needed to bring people to Christ and disciple them to maturity. Farmers can’t expect a good crop unless the seed is first sown...Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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[body_edit] =>How do recently exposed sediments at Lake Mead refute old-earth geology claims and fully support the Flood model? Did the St. Davids Dragon artist carve a mythological animal, or did he have knowledge of a real creature? What is the image of God? And why did a young visitor appreciate her recent experience at the ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History? Discover the answers to these questions and more in the November 2019 issue of Acts & Facts! [MACRO aaf_article, 11585] [MACRO aaf_article, 11586] [MACRO aaf_article, 11587] [MACRO aaf_article, 11588] [MACRO aaf_article, 11589] [MACRO aaf_article, 11590] [MACRO aaf_article, 11591] [MACRO aaf_article, 11592] [MACRO aaf_article, 11593] [MACRO aaf_article, 11594]
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What’s the Point?What’s the point? Sometimes we ask this question when we’re bogged down in a tedious project—when we’re ready to be finished with the task at hand. Sometimes we ask it out of...
The Absolute Salvation of GodWhen it comes to the question of creation versus evolution, many Christians seem to think, “What’s the point? What does it matter whether all this arrived here in six days or over billions...
Strontium Ratio Variation in Marine CarbonatesIn 1948, geologist F. E. Wickman predicted that the decay of 87Rb (a rubidium isotope) in the earth’s crust and mantle would be reflected in a related increase in the 87Sr/86Sr...
Homo erectus: The Ape Man That Wasn'tThe archaic human species Homo erectus has been portrayed as an important ape-to-man transitional link. However, these fossils don’t provide any real evidence of evolution. Many paleontologists...
The World's Oldest Bird FossilAsk college freshman biology students to name the oldest bird fossil and they’ll probably say the evolutionary icon Archaeopteryx. In that case, you’d hear the wrong answer. The story of...
The ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History Is.,.September 2, 2019, marked the grand opening of the ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History. On that first day, over 1,600 visitors experienced a journey through Earth’s history in...
Evolutionism Contradicts Christian EvangelismIs evolutionary theory compatible with the church’s basic functions of worship, evangelism, and the edification (building up) of believers? In last month’s article, we saw how evolutionism...
Why Did God Make Mosquitos?My wife and I enjoy evening walks with our dog when the Texas weather lets us. Unfortunately, mosquitos seem to like good weather too. And they recognize my wife is much sweeter than I am. She often...
Green Bean Bioengineering Shows Creator's CareYears ago in a college campus discussion, an unbeliever argued that the world’s waste displays God’s disorderliness. He called God a “prodigal” creator—an insult adopted...
The Best-Kept Secret in TexasHave we told you lately how thankful we are for your prayers and financial support? ICR’s ministry happens because of the Lord’s blessing through your partnership. Because of you, we...Full versions of current and previous Acts & Facts can be viewed online in PDF format using the free Adobe® Acrobat® Reader.
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[body_edit] =>September 2, 2019, marked the grand opening of the ICR Discovery Center for Science & Earth History. When will you plan your visit? Why did God make mosquitos? What is the significance of the world’s oldest bird fossil? And why does it matter whether God created in six days or over billions of years? Discover the answers to these questions and more in the October 2019 issue of Acts & Facts! [MACRO aaf_article, 11534] [MACRO aaf_article, 11535] [MACRO aaf_article, 11537] [MACRO aaf_article, 11538] [MACRO aaf_article, 11539] [MACRO aaf_article, 11540] [MACRO aaf_article, 11541] [MACRO aaf_article, 11542] [MACRO aaf_article, 11543] [MACRO aaf_article, 11544]
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