8:5 came unto him a centurion. The parallel account (Luke 7:1-10) says that the centurion sent the Jewish elders to Jesus to make this request on his behalf (Luke 7:3). Matthew recognized that this was, to all intents and purposes, the centurion himself speaking, for he had delegated the elders to serve as his proxy. Perhaps the centurion thought that, since he was a Roman, the elders (as Jews) could influence Jesus to come more effectively than he could on his own. It is also possible that the centurion himself did come later, after the elders had first approached Jesus. In any case, there is certainly no necessary contradiction between the two accounts, as some have charged.

8:11 many shall come. Both Jewish and Gentile believers from all over the world will share with the fathers of God’s chosen people in the resurrection, and in the millennial kingdom and the eternal kingdom as well (Matthew 24:31).

8:12 outer darkness. The ultimate destiny of the lost, even those who had the special privilege of birth in the chosen nation, is in the lake of fire. This is possibly a star far out in the outer darkness of infinite space (note also II Peter 2:17; Jude 13). Note that a star is, indeed, a vast lake of fire.