4:25 thy servant David. Psalm 2:1-2 is quoted here in Acts 4:25-26, then applied in Acts 4:27-28. It is noteworthy that David is not actually listed as author of this psalm in a superscript in the book of Psalms itself, as was true for most of his psalms. This suggests that some of the other anonymous psalms may also have been written by David.

4:25 heathen. The reference to the “heathen” or “Gentiles” was meant to apply to Herod, Pilate and the other Gentiles who persecuted and executed Jesus. “The people,” therefore, refers to the Jewish mob and their leaders who were guilty of the same crime.

4:26 kings of the earth. The Messianic prophecies in the second psalm go well beyond their precursive fulfillment in the rejection and crucifixion of Christ at His first coming, looking ultimately to a worldwide rejection of Him and His people in the last days. See notes on Psalm 2.